Template::Extract appears closer.

https://metacpan.org/module/Template::Extract

Here's something equivalent to the example in the OP:

    #!/usr/bin/env perl
     
    use Template::Extract;
    use Data::Printer;
     
    sub extractValues {
        my ($document, $template, $opts) = @_;
     
        my $delims = $opts->{delimiters} || [ qw/ { } / ];
        $document = lc $document
            if $opts->{lowercase};
        if (exists $opts->{whitespace}) {
            my $ws = ' ' x $opts->{whitespace};
            $document =~ s/\s+/$ws/g;
        }
        Template::Extract->new( { START_TAG => $delims->[0], END_TAG => $delims->[1] } )
                         ->extract( $template, $document );
    }
     
    p extractValues('/2012/08/12/test.html', '/{year}/{month}/{day}/{title}.html');
     
    p extractValues('John Doe <john@example.com> (http://example.com)', '{name} <{email}> ({url})');
     
    p extractValues('from 4th October  to 10th  October',
                      'from `from` to `to`',
                      { whitespace => 1, delimiters => ['`', '`'] });
     

Output:

    \ {
        day   12,
        month   08,
        title   "test",
        year   2012
    }
    \ {
        email   "john@example.com",
        name   "John Doe",
        url   "http://example.com"
    }
    \ {
        from   "4th October",
        to   "10th  October"
    }