One of the problems of these centralized exchanges is that so much stuff happens off-chain. The DEX don't have these problems (some of them have other problems)
One of the major charges though is that they misdirected funds to Alameda Research or had people deposit directly to them instead which would be happening on chain. The failed arbitrage would have also required a lot of on-chain activity.
Indeed. It's emerged that there are screenshots of a signal chat group called (in what must have seemed at the time to be an amusing joke) "Wirefraud" with SBF, the CEO of Alameda (Caroline Ellison) and two of the other top folks from FTX/Alameda.[1] So one of them (probably Ellison as everyone is speculating) almost certainly turned to provide that. That's the sort of off-chain evidence that is somewhat awkward when you're trying to defend (amoung other things) a charge of wire fraud.
Yeah I think they're absolutely hosed here. Beyond anything they did or said before the collapse SBF kept talking and to all appearance lying while trying to get people to reinvest which is a whole new set of possible crimes about misleading investors as well as basically admitting to several crimes.