Dynamic range is better on the phone, but otherwise the DSLR has sharper edges, less noise, nicer colors, and is less mushy (but that is possibly due to the "AI processing", so ditto about the "real" image). That said, noise reduction is usually more advanced on phones, and handheld with a kit lens at night with high-contrast zones is kind of the worst scenario for DSLRs (hopefully it was a stabilized kit lens at least).
You can read the words "Hotel Platinum" on the phone photo. And it's blurred and "mushy" on D5500. And the phone had additional glare from an oncoming train, and it still pulled out things out of the dark.
Depends on what you need, of course, but for most people the photo from the phone is superior.
