The first in a series of articles, a list of which can be found here https://apfelmus.nfshost.com/articles/lazy-eval.html

See also Peyton Jones' book (from 1987):

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/the-imp...

I just spent some time implementing a lazy VM: Note also the push/enter VS eval/apply implementation change in GHC described in [1].

[1] https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/make-fa...

Here's an educational video on the topic: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LW3HZwBDpiU