There is a big difference. The US was led astray due to its economic ideology. There was a concerted effort to move industry to other countries, so that salaries in the US would be depressed for lower income classes and the owners of industry could realize larger profits for a generation. Now the country is finally realizing that this is a losing proposition, while China saw the opportunity and based its economy on industrialization and scientific research.
Comparing a PLL to an adder is silly.
> My guess: you could implement a 100GHz bit serial adder in CMOS today
7nm FINFET CMOS will get you to roughly the same performance point. It's also quite mature compared to the technique in the article.